Half a century back, even the smallest computer would have taken up an entire room. And today, thanks to the microchip, more powerful  computers than ever have been put in the pocket. But have you ever thought, if a house-sized computer is made with these small chips, how powerful it will be? Is it possible to make a super computer like this ? — that has a million times more supercomputing power than your or my laptop or desktop, and can solve any of the world’s most complex scientific problems? Today’s question is, what exactly makes an ordinary computer a super-computer? How is a supercomputer different from your current computer? Let’s know all the details about super computing.

What is a supercomputer?

So, what super features make a computer called a super-computer? Due to the computer flying? 😛 Because of the laser light from the CPU of the computer? 😛 No because of the buildin ammo and cannon with the computer? 😀 Hey one minute! It’s not super man, super-computer!

In simple words, computers that can solve complex scientific problems very fast, can predict the weather or can tell now what the climate will be like in 2050 and the computers that can do such amazing things are called supercomputers. Now you may ask, exactly how fast the computer works? If I add more RAM and more core processors, more GPUs to my computer, can I do super computing? In fact, in order to fully understand the definition I have given of a supercomputer in “simple language”, you need to be familiar with some terms.

Look, before entering today’s main question, we need to know what is a computer? —It is basically a machine, which completes any simple task. It first takes the input information (data) to do some work, then processes it in its own power, and finally presents you an output result. In fact, super-computer means that it has to be a huge giant computer or a million-billion times faster than your normal computer, but not at all; In fact it uses a completely different method to complete a task. Like your normal desktop or laptop, it multitasks rather than doing just one thing at a time. And this is basically the main feature that makes a computer a supercomputer.

Serial and Parallel Processing

What is the difference between serial and parallel processing? A normal computer can perform only one task at a time, i.e. to complete a task, it completes the processing one after the other and provides the output of the task. And this is called serial processing . Now you might say, “hey I play music, browse the internet and render video at the same time with my computer, and you say one thing at a time”? In fact, your computer can complete millions of commands per second, making any task seem real time to you, serially, one after the other. Let’s try to make the matter more clear with a nice example. Imagine an ordinary shopkeeper, suppose you go to his shop and ask him to give you a 1kg packet of flour. Now what he will do—he will first get up from his seat, then go to the flour packet rack, bring the flour packet, hand it to you, and count your cash and put it in the drawer. Now look, it doesn’t matter how fast he got up from his seat or how fast he got the dough from the rack and handed it to you. The point is that he is doing only one thing at a time. No matter how fast he is serving you, he is only doing one job at a time and serving you by doing one job at a time. This is how normal  computers complete their work.

But today’s modern supercomputers work using a completely different method. It divides a job into different parts and processes them simultaneously, and this system of doing work is  called parallel processing . As per the above example, now imagine that you go to a store to buy 1 kg of flour, 1 liter of oil, and 1 kg of sugar. Now suppose there are 3 people together in that shop to help the shopkeeper. Then everyone can choose a different job to deliver the things you want to you. Someone will bring sugar, someone will bring oil and someone will deliver flour and in this same time you can complete the money transaction with the shopkeeper. Notice again, each brings different things at the same time, but all come to you together. Thus, no matter how many things you want to buy in the shop, if there are many people working there, it is possible to complete all the work very quickly in the same time. And this is parallel processing, theoretically, our brain also works in parallel processes. At the same time you are reading this article, at the same time your brain is doing full activity inside your body.

Why is parallel processing necessary in supercomputing?

The computers we use every day for work do not need to be so efficient. Browsing the Internet, sending email, or typing requires very little of your  computer’s processing power. But if you want to do more complex tasks, such as changing the color of a very high resolution digital photo, your computer will need to do a lot of processing, sometimes taking several minutes to complete. Again, if you want to do gaming on your computer in addition to just browsing the Internet, sending emails, or typing, you will need a fast processor, dedicated GPU, and more memory (RAM), or your system will work slowly. Faster processors, and double the memory will make your computer run dramatically faster. But how fast? This speed also has a limit—because a processor can only do one task at a time.

Now imagine you are a scientist and you work in a meteorological office. Together you will work on weather forecasting, new cancer drug tests, and climate modeling up to 2050. Now you can upgrade your PC’s processor and more memory to complete these tasks, although it will work faster than before but still there is a limit to its working. But if your tasks are divided into one piece and each piece is handled by a separate processor, that means parallel processing, then your tasks will be done much faster and efficiently than before.

Parallel computing

Building supercomputers Supercomputing requires multiple processors—so that they can work together in parallel to complete multiple tasks at the same time. The name of the current fastest supercomputer is The Sunway TaihuLight  (The Sunway TaihuLight). It has 64-bit 40,960 multicore processors and each processor chip has 256 processing cores. That is, this entire computer has 10,649,600 processors!!!

Parallel computing is certainly an ideal system for supercomputing, but parallel computing also has some significant problems. Let’s go back to that store example, but this time let’s take the example of a supermarket. Suppose you go to the supermarket with some of your friends to buy some things. Now if you send each of your friends to a different counter to get some things, then in a very short time your things will be bought, and at the end of shopping all things will be together with you. In the same way, a supercomputer  divides a task into pieces and completes it with different processors and then puts the pieces together to give the output. But if a task is very large, then sending that task to the processors in pieces and putting all the pieces together at the end of the work becomes a very difficult task for the computer. To do this, another management system is needed so that each piece of work is delivered to the processor and the returned pieces are assembled for output. But processing this management system also requires a lot of processing power, which can overload the system. Such as Windows OS’s Task Manager—it basically displays the processing of all programs, but even displaying them requires some processing power.

By sending your friends to different counters, you may be able to complete the shopping in much less time, but the payment time will be delayed. Imagine you are shopping for a million items together and 50,000 friends are collecting items from different counters. If you shopped from one counter at a time then the cash pay problem would have been solved at one counter, but shopping at different counters has split one problem into 50,000 problems.

Similarly, imagine you command a computer to forecast the weather for the entire world for the next week. Now your computer will send all this work piece by piece to different processors for processing, if you were to do the work in one processor then all the processing would be done at once. But for processing in different processors, the weather forecast of different countries will be processed repeatedly in each processor separately. But the problem can be more serious, because the climate in different countries of the world can be completely different from another country. As a result, one processor will have to wait for another processor to finish its work—and one will need help from another processor to solve a problem. So some tasks in supercomputers need to be done in parallel and some tasks in serial processing.

Super computing

Types—

By installing thousands of processors, RAM and GPUs in a huge box, it is possible to make a supercomputer and do many complex tasks by doing parallel processing. Or if you want, you can build a supercomputer by interconnecting many PCs together in the same room with many fast LAN (local area network) cables. Such a supercomputer is called a cluster .  Google uses this type of computer to provide search results to its users.

Another type of supercomputer  is called a grid  —which is similar to a cluster, but different computers are located in different parts of the world and are connected to each other using the Internet or other computer networks. This is an example of distributed computing, where computers in different parts of the world work together in a network. It can also be called virtual super computing. Different universities or research centers around the world connect their computers to each other to create grid supercomputers. Not every computer on the grid works at the same time, nor do they have to work, but together they form a powerful computing system.

Administration—

Cluster supercomputers are placed together over a large area, sometimes the size of 3-4 football fields. And to run these giant sized  computers , a huge amount of electricity is required, enough electricity to power thousands of homes. Millions of dollars are needed to run supercomputers that consume so much electricity.

And supercomputers generate a lot of heat, because when electricity flows through a cable, it also generates heat energy. And for this your normal computer also needs a cooling system. But it is not possible to cool these huge computers with ordinary fans. Today’s modern supercomputers are cooled by liquid, similar to how a refrigerator works. It consumes a lot of electricity to operate this cooling system, secondly it is harmful to the environment.

What software does the super computer run on?

As mentioned earlier, a computer is a machine that can do all the normal tasks (virtually of course 😀). If you want, you can run the supercomputer using your computer’s operating system, such as Windows! But most supercomputers run on Linux-based operating systems. These operating systems are highly customized, meaning they are built with only specific working features. Since super-computers are mainly used to solve various scientific problems, why should there be other working features?

What is the use of super computing?

Since the computer is a machine for all general tasks, you can do Internet browsing, send mail, photo editing, video editing, gaming and even read articles on Techhubs with a supercomputer. Just like your normal computers, you will need to run various programs on your system to do these tasks. Just as you need different apps (applications) to do different things on your Android or iPhone, these are computer programs, but they have different names!

Supercomputers do not do these things for now. It is used for solving various complex mathematical problems, solving scientific problems, nuclear missile tests, weather forecasting, climate change, and testing the accuracy of encryption. But in theory, supercomputers can do all the things that your normal computer does.

How powerful are supercomputers?

Common computers express their performance in terms of MIPS or Million Instructions Per Second. This indicates how many commands (read, write, data store) the system can process to complete a task. MIPS makes it easy to compare two processors, the more MIPS the processor can handle, the more powerful it is. This is commonly known as processor speed, which is usually expressed in gigahertz.

But the performance of supercomputers is expressed differently. Since these computers are used for scientific purposes, its capacity is calculated as FLOPS ( Floating Point Operations Per Second). It is an efficient way to calculate the working capacity of a  computer . Let’s try to understand these two terms with a small example…

Imagine you’re watching a soccer match, you see player #1 currently in possession of the ball pass the ball to player #2 in the middle of the field, player #2 pass the ball to player #3 near the goal—and player #3 makes a smart hard hit. He scored by putting the ball into the goal. And in this way, 3 more goals were scored through the hits of different players. Now, MIPS here means how many hits the ball has to enter the goal to complete a goal. And FLOPS means the total number of goals scored by that team. That is, how many million commands the processor has to follow to perform a task per second is expressed by MIPS and how many tasks are completed per second is expressed by FLOPS.

5 fastest supercomputers in the world

Welcome to another new post on nextgentecblog. I am with you, hope everyone is doing very well. Friends, as time is progressing with modern technology and internet earning by working online is now becoming a reality from a dream. The currently popular Canva has taken one step further to make dreams come true. Most of the people who are doing regular earning activities online today are very familiar with canva. Nowadays there is very little work that can’t be done online with canva. From photo editing to video editing, almost everything can be done with Canva. With Canva, you can do eye-catching editing tasks instantly. Now the question may come in the mind of many, how easy and how beautiful work can be done with Canva? So let’s explain these things with a few examples.

Nowadays there are hardly any people who don’t watch YouTube or don’t know about YouTube. Because very few people watch TV today, more things than what they used to get on TV, including songs, movies, dramas, are now available on YouTube. So most of the people are leaning more towards youtube. Now, many of you may often scroll through YouTube and see many beautiful pictures on top of the videos. We play the videos after seeing those beautiful pictures in the video. These beautiful pictures are called thumbnails. Now you will be surprised to know that most of these beautiful images that we know as YouTube thumbnails are made with Canva. Hopefully now you get an idea of ​​how beautiful pictures can be made with Canva. Today we will learn more about Canva. You can start a detailed discussion with Canva at the very beginning.

What is Canva?

Canva is a digital designing app or website. With Canva you can easily create beautiful designs as you wish. Canva was first published as a website only but due to its popularity later they published Canva officially on App Play Store. By which it is possible to complete the design tasks more easily and much faster than before. With Canva you can do almost all types of graphic design work. Initially, Canva was very small in scale but now it has grown to a huge size due to the demand of its users. Currently you can do all kinds of design work with this Canva. By this you can do logo design work very easily. Nowadays Canva is a popular as well as popular designing app or website.

What can be done with Canva?

As I said at the beginning of the tune, almost all types of designer work can be done with Canva. However, those who are searching with Canva today should not discuss this Canva in detail. Many people may have a slightly different question or many may be thinking that it would be better if I told the work done with Canva a little more directly. Also reading today’s post is very important for those who want to learn new about Canva. So let’s find out what can be done with Canva:

1. Thumbnail design.
2. Graphics design.
3. Logo design.
4. Photo edit.
5. Video editing.
6. Animation video making.
7. Animation Image Making etc.

Here are just a few things you can do with Canva. You will get much more service than this. The reason for highlighting only a few of these topics is that they are currently very popular training topics. Most people in the world work on these issues. So I told you that you can do these things with Canva. You can do much more difficult tasks with ease.

Canver features

As Canva is quite popular these days, they have made some changes to their service. Not much has changed. One of the things Canva has changed is Canva Features. To survive in the competitive marketplace, Canva like all other big companies add two features in different variants. Features are:

1. Free feature
2. Premium features or paid features

A normal user can enjoy Canva Free features or Canva Premium features in the beginner state of Canva. Hopefully we all know the difference between free features and premium features. Still I think it’s good to give you an idea. Many newbies may not understand this. Simply put, you can use free features without paying any money. And you have to pay to use premium features. This is the only difference between the two judgments. So let’s know a little more about the free features and paid features.

Canva is a free feature

Generally when a person starts using Canva. Then he opened an account as a free user. I discussed in detail at the beginning what you can do with Canva. If you have read the post carefully from the beginning then you should hopefully not have to say more about Canva features. So when you open a free account on Canva you can do almost all kinds of designs on Canva. With free account you can do many beautiful thumbnail design, logo design, video edit, admission video making simple tasks. But the things that are more beautiful than the beautiful ones are not available in the free account. However, you can do more beautiful designs with Canaver’s free feature account.

Canva Premium Features

A while ago I said in detail that if you want to use premium features in anything, you have to pay to use premium features. Premium features can never be used for free. If you want to enjoy all the features from Canva or if you want to make more beautiful designs than normal, you can buy the canver premium feature. Due to the use of premium features, you can design several times more beautiful designs than ordinary designs. Because when you buy the Canva premium service, all the beautiful things will be unlocked for you as open source so that you can create beautiful designs by bringing out all the beauty in your mind. Some of the popular features that you can enjoy in Canva Premium Features are:

1. You can use more than 25 Bengali fonts.
2. Use of more than 200 English fonts.
3. You will get 100 GB cloud storage for free.
4. All the things that were locked before will be unlocked.
5. Create high resolution designs as you wish and get unlimited downloads.
6. You can make the tuner with your own design.
7. Logo making, graphics designing, animation video making can enjoy all the templates and facilities.

All in all, Canva Premium is expensive. If you want my opinion, I’d say you can use the free feature instead of the premium feature of Canva. You can do all kinds of tasks with the free feature. That’s why I think there is no need to get paid features.

Using Canva for graphic design

Those who have read line by line from the beginning till now will be able to understand this point. Many of you may have already understood that Canvas is only made for design. Yes, you’ll be surprised to know that Canva’s mission from inception to now is to take the design platform even further. They are 99% successful in their such ventures. Because nowadays most of the designing work in the world is done by canva. Canver services are primarily designed for design work. So let’s highlight some of the benefits and functions of using Canva for graphic design work:

1. Canva is very easy to use through mobile as it has a mobile app.
2. Any design created in Canva can be shared and downloaded.
3. Canva can be used on mobile or directly on the designing platform.
4. By creating a design, you can use that design as many times as you want.
5. You can easily modify the design. As a result, the time required to create a new design will be relatively less.

Earn Online by Learning Canva Design

One of the popular means of online income nowadays is design. To put it in a simpler way, what we all know as graphic design is a popular online earning medium. Many of those who have been reading this post from the beginning till now may have a question in their minds, can you earn online by learning Canva design? If you want a simple answer, I will say, yes! It is possible to earn online by learning Canva design. From the beginning till now I have told you almost all types of designs can be done with Canva. You can call these designs in simple language graphics design. Currently, the two largest platforms for graphic design are:

1. Upwork
2. Freelancing

Almost all designers working on these two major graphic design platforms use Canva for most of their designs. If you want, you can improve your designing skills and try to prove your skills on these platforms. The demand for graphic designers in these sectors is relatively high. So getting a job as a graphic designer in both the sectors will be very easy. As a result, an avenue of online income will open up for you.

You can also work as a social media marketing agency by proving your skills and expertise in any organization. You can take it upon yourself to promote the work of those you hire on social media. Since you can already do the work of graphic design, the work of advertising will be much easier for you. You can make more attractive thumbnails, videos, logos than other common ones. Which will make your audience much more attracted to click. In this way, you can learn Canva design and bring your own success on social media.

Besides, you will be more happy to know that you can sell your own designs made on Canvas. You can also sell your personal experiences as a video course like “How to design a logo with Canva” etc. To be honest, the demand for graphic designers is relatively high these days. So you can easily use your designing skills to earn online.

last word

After reading today’s post, many people may think that only Canva can do so much? Yes, it is possible to earn online just by learning canva design. But in the beginning to learn Canva design you must work, hard, give time only then you will be successful in designing work. Today’s tune probably says many times that nowadays graphic design is more in demand than any other job.

Yes, it is true that the demand for graphic designers is almost skyrocketing these days. You can’t just hire a professional level graphics designer for your work. Because to use them in your work, you must pay a large sum of money. Also you won’t find a skilled graphic designer. Due to these reasons, the demand for graphic designers is relatively high. So I think it is very easy to build your dream career as a successful graphic designer working online.

So guys, this was our tune for today, what is Canva? Why Canva is so popular? Hopefully the tune will be helpful for you. Leaving here for today, see you in the next tune with something new. Until then everyone stay well stay healthy and stay tuned to Nextgentecblog.

Greetings and greetings to all. Today I will introduce you to some new online file storage cloud sites.

Online file sharing is popular for good reason. Again, file sharing sites have the convenience of just storing instead of sharing, for which this service is now widely popular worldwide. Today we are going to know about some of the world famous file sharing and storage service providers who provide lots of space for free. Of course, we have previously been familiar with various file storage sites or are currently using them, one of them is Media Fire, Jiddu, Google Drive, Drop Box, A-Drive, etc. These names are ingrained in the brain as a result of use. However, many people are looking for some more online storage than this? Yes friends! At present, some other companies have launched online storage services to give you an idea about them as mentioned in the title of the tune. Before the discussion, let’s briefly know what is online cloud storage? It eats, give it to the head or the bill!

Online cloud storage

Everyone uses cloud storage now. However, many do not know that cloud storage has additional features besides storage. This feature shows how to use the cloud storage for various purposes and how to organize the storage files as you like.

In general, cloud storage refers to services that have the facility of storing files in the cloud. However, apart from merely storing files, cloud storage has various additional features. There are various benefits available from the cloud such as editing files stored in the cloud online and offline, attaching emails, uploading directly to social networking sites or downloading directly from social networking sites to the cloud. Such tasks can be done using specific applications

Introducing some new popular cloud storage

• 1.  Microsoft One Drive

It is an equally popular site like Google Drive. However, its earlier name was Sky Drive. Currently providing 15 GB free storage facility. $2 per month will get you 100GB and $7 will get you 1TB of storage. Another advantage here is that if you share it with your friends, you will get an additional 5 GB of free space.

• 2.  Box Cloud Storage

10 GB free space is available here. If you refer friends, you can get up to 22 GB space. If you want to use paid then you can get 50 GB for 5 dollars and 500 GB for 50 dollars per month. This service is operated by the host VPN service company Golden Frog.

• 4.  Hidrive

Hi Drive is managed by a German vendor called Starto AG. If you sign up here you will get 5 GB space for free. To get more like 500GB you have to shell out $12 a month.

• 5.  Hive

Hive’s biggest attraction is unlimited free storage, which all other vendors simply don’t offer. It’s free and unlimited, but there are two problems: it has to endure a lot of ad torture and there are no apps suitable for use on desktop or mobile.

• 6.  Copy

An IT company called Barra Cuda Networks is providing this cloud storage service. Barracuda has a reputation for security and storage, making this service unmatched security. Sign up for free and get 15 GB of space. 100 GB of storage is available for $5 per month.

• 7.  Bitkasa

A company called Bitcasa is offering 5 GB storage for free. If you take more than 5 GB, you will have to spend $10 per month.

• 8.  Amazon Cloud Drive

Amazon Cloud Drive has previously provided free services but is currently not offering free services. However, here Amazon Prime customers will get free unlimited photo storage facilities. However, customers of Amazon’s business-oriented cloud storage service will get up to 5 GB of free storage under the Simple Storage Services Sum package.

Last word

Learned a lot about cloud storage sites. So why late! Now you sign up on any site and keep uploading your favorite files such as pictures, videos, images, doc files, movies and share them with your friends. You never know when your hard drive/memory card will be damaged and all your favorite files will be lost! Then there will be no wisdom other than hair loss. So join cloud storage to save time. I am leaving today. All will be well in the end.

Most of us  computer users are familiar with the Mac operating system. The design of Mac OS is amazing. Many people want to use Mac but for some reason they can’t. Good news for Ubuntu users. Today we will show you how to convert your Ubuntu to Mac i.e. how to make Ubuntu look like a full Mac. So without further ado let’s get started.

Install the software

There are a few things we need to do before changing our Ubuntu theme. First we need to install two software. For that open terminal in ubuntu then type sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool gnome-shell-extensions and enter. Click here after installed properly . After clicking you will see a page like below.

After coming here click on Click here to install browser extension button. Then install it as an extension in your browser. To make your Ubuntu look like a Mac, there are a few things you need to change before changing the theme. After this extension is installed, refresh the page once and then click on the User Themes option in the lists below. After clicking you will see a page like below.

After such a page opens, turn the button on the top right from off to on. A popup will appear in front of you from there click on install button. Click on extensions option from the menu at the top . Then type Frippery Move Clock in the search bar. An option like below will appear.

Click on the first option here and click on the install button from off to on as before. You will then see the clock on top of your Ubuntu move from the center to the right. Then again click on extensions option from the menu above. Type Dynamic Panel Transparency in the search bar and install the first option that comes up. The way it works is if you have a software open and if it is small or medium then dragging it up will make it bigger. Install Compiz windows effect as before . Its function is if you have any software open in small or medium state, then if you move it, it will go from side to side gracefully.

Install the theme

Once the above tasks are done, let’s install the theme again. But before installing the theme let’s do another small task. Open the tweaks software in Ubuntu . A window like below will open.

Here you will see many options from there click on window titlebars option.

Click the left button from the placement option. Then you will see the close minimize icon has moved to the left. To install the theme first we need to download the theme click here.

Go to the files tab and click on the first download button to download the theme file. After downloading, extract the file. Copy the extracted folder. Click on the home option from the file manager’s sidebar.

First show the hidden files. For that click on show hidden files option as shown in the image . Then create a new folder called .themes. Open that folder and paste your copied theme folder. Now the task is to activate the theme. If the tweaks software is open, cut it and open it.

Click on the Appearance option.

Click on the options next to the text Applications then you will see the list of themes from there select WhtieSur – light theme. Then you will see that your Ubuntu theme has changed.

Install custom dock

Now our task is to remove the dock on the left side and install our custom dock. For that first remove the default dock. Therefore, open the extensions software on your computer.

Scroll down and turn off the Ubuntu Dock option. Then click here. Enter Dash to Dock in the search bar . Click on the first one and install as before. Then a window like below will open in front of you.

From now on, customize the dock as you wish.

Here’s how to make your Ubuntu look like a Mac beautifully.

Nowadays everything is done at home. At this time if your friend has some problem with his computer and asks you to go to his house to fix it. What do you do then? Definitely go to his house and solve the problem. But he has no need because now everything can be done at home so why would you go to his house? You can also control his computer from home. And you can do whatever you want easily. In today’s tune, we will see how to easily control other computers through your own  computer .

With what software?

To control other’s computer we have to take the help of a software. Many of you may have heard the name. Because the software is very popular. The name of the software is Team Viewer. Apart from this software there are many other software in the market. Which you can work with. But I like this software more. So in this tune I will show you how to control other people’s computer through this software.

How to download?

Now let’s come to how to download the software. Click here to download the software . You will see a page like below.

Click the Download for Free button from here. Then the software will automatically start downloading. Once the download is complete, install the software.

How to use the software?

Once the download and installation is complete, open the software. Then you will see an intapage like below.

Here you will see many options. Using this software you can control other computer in many ways. It will not be possible to show all the systems in one tune, so here I will show a simple and a popular system. You can see a side bar on the left side of the page. There are many options. We currently have no work on the sidebar. There is a lot of information on its side which we can use to control other’s computer. The first part contains your ID and password. Using which someone else can control your computer. The next part is the system of connecting with others. Use this section if you want to control your friend’s computer.

Enter your friend’s ID in the Partner Id option. But he must have the software on his computer and the software must be open. After entering the ID, click on the connect button. Enter the password in a popup that will appear in front of you. Then click on the Log in button and you will be logged in. And will show his computer screen in front of you. Now you can use that computer like your computer if you want.

In this way you can easily control any computer you want.